North West Breast Screening Quality Assurance

Annual Report 1998-99

Executive Summary

  1. The Regional Director of Breast Screening Quality Assurance produces a report each year describing performance of programmes in the North West Region against national standards and current issues facing the Breast Screening Programme. The report is circulated widely to professionals and organisations within the health sector.

  2. There are eleven screening programmes in the North West with eligible populations ranging from 17,000 to 130,000 women. The Breast Screening Programme in the North West screens approximately 540,000 women over a screening round of three years.

  3. During 1999, the two QA Reference Centres in the region were merged to a single QARC based at West Pennine Health Authority, Oldham. Two QA teams of professional co-ordinators were retained and formally appointed for a period of three years.

  4. In 1999, the way that the screening interval is measured was changed. This effectively means that programmes now have to aim for a median interval of 36 months instead of 38. All programmes have been required to submit plans to achieve the new target.

  5. The screening population has been subject to growth in the last five years due to the post-war baby boom. Overall, the number of women invited for screening grew by 9% from 1994 – 1999 (range –9% to 34%) and growth is expected to continue until at least 2014. The number of women self-referring for breast screening has increased dramatically from 4794 in 1994-95 to 11450 in 1998-99. This trend is also expected to continue as more women that have already been screened wish to continue after the age of 64.

  6. A shortage of medical manpower has begun to affect the screening programme in the North West. Four programmes have had or are currently experiencing severe problems in recruiting Consultant Radiologists, and there are a number of unfilled Consultant Pathology and Surgery posts.

  7. All programmes in the North West benefited from a substantial allocation of equipment from the New Opportunities Fund in 1999. In total, 22 replacement and 5 additional x-ray sets, 3 replacement and 2 additional trailers, and 6 replacement ultrasound machines have been funded.

  8. In 1998-99, 194,124 women were invited and 159,262 women screened in the North West. 896 cancers were detected of which 712 were invasive.

  9. Coverage (proportion of eligible women screened within 36 months) ranged from 58% in Manchester to 75% in South Lancashire in 1998-99. The results are deflated by the inclusion of all women aged 50, 51 and 52 in the denominator (only one third will have been invited at any time) but reflect factors such as poor compliance and slippage.

  10. Uptake of invitations for screening was above the target of 70% in all programmes in 1998-99, ranging from 71% in Liverpool to 83% in Crewe. Variation is largely due to the socio-economic profile of the population. Uptake at the prevalent screen is lower than the incident. Uptake rates in women who have previously failed to attend are consistently low.

  11. The proportion of women recalled for assessment at the prevalent screen ranged from 5.4% to 13.6% in 1998-99. A number of programmes had recall rates that were above the minimum standard of ≤10%. All programmes achieved the target standard of ≤5% for the incident screen.

  12. The proportion of women placed on early recall (to be assessed at six or twelve months) has dropped over time. Results show that in all programmes <1% of women were placed on early recall in 1998-99 and one programme (North Lancashire and South Cumbria) has eliminated the practice altogether, which is excellent.

  13. The proportion of women that receive a non-operative diagnosis has increased considerably in the last five years. The majority of programmes achieved the minimum standard of ≥70% in 1998-99. Those that did not were limited by operational constraints.

  14. There is variation in the rate of benign biopsy, particularly at the prevalent screen, where the numbers are small. High rates are usually linked to low non-operative diagnosis rates.

  15. Detection rates of invasive cancers varied across the North West in 1998-99. The data are generally unreliable for a single year in many programmes because the numbers are small, and results are provided for the last four years to assist in reviewing performance. A number of programmes have achieved cancer detection rates well above the target standard. Those programmes with detection rates below the minimum standard have been asked to investigate the possible reasons.

  16. An age standardised detection ratio has been calculated for each programme over a period of four years. Results for the prevalent screen are generally good, but results for the incident screen for some programmes are low and are being investigated by the local and regional team.

  17. The target for detection of small invasive cancers (<15mm in diameter) was achieved by most programmes at both the prevalent and incident screen in 1998-99. Numbers of cases are small for most, particularly at the prevalent screen, so results are sometimes unreliable. Some programmes managed to achieve excellent small cancer detection rates.

  18. Detection of in situ cancers is enormously varied across the North West. It is anticipated that a region-wide audit and research study that is planned to start in 2000 will help to explain this.

  19. Data on the occurrence of interval cancers (those occurring in the three years after a negative screen) has only been published for Greater Manchester and Lancashire. A project is underway in Merseyside and Cheshire to ascertain interval cancers in the same way. The published data show slightly disappointing results, particularly in the first and second years after screening where rates exceed the target, however they are comparable with other regions.

  20. An analysis of the performance of individual programmes over the last four years has been provided. This includes operation information that is relevant in interpreting the results.

  21. Some results from the annual British Association of Surgical Oncologists Breast Audit have been included in the report. Reassuringly, all cases of screen-detected breast cancer in 1998-99 were treated by a breast specialist with the exception of one (due to patient preference).

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For further information, please contact:

Liz Twelves

Quality Assurance Co-ordinator

North West Breast Screening QA Reference Centre

Department of Public Health

West Pennine Health Authority

Westhulme Avenue

Oldham

OL1 2PL

Tel: (+44) 161 455 5746

Email: elizabeth.twelves@wpennine-ha.nwest.nhs.uk

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